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MECHANICAL VENTILATION
- Types
- Pressure-cycled ventilator: The ventilator pushes air into the lungs until a specific airway pressure is reached; it is used for short periods, as in the postanesthesia care unit.
- Time-cycled ventilator: The ventilator pushes air into the lungs until a preset time has elapsed; it is used for the pediatric or neonatal client.
- Volume-cycled ventilator
- The ventilator pushes air into the lungs until a preset volume is delivered.
- A constant tidal volume is delivered regardless of the changing compliance of the lungs and chest wall or the airway resistance in the client or ventilator.
- Microprocessor ventilator
- A computer or microprocessor is built into the ventilator to allow continuous monitoring of ventilatory functions, alarms, and client parameters.
- This type of ventilator is more responsive to clients who have severe lung disease or require prolonged weaning.
- Modes of ventilation
- Controlled
- The client receives a set tidal volume at a set rate.
- Used for clients who cannot initiate respiratory effort.
- Least used mode; if the client attempts to initiate a breath, the ventilator blocks the effort.
- Assist-control
- Most commonly used mode
- Tidal volume and ventilatory rate are
